Visit these sites for lists of AI tools:
Ortiz, S. (2023, August 23). The best AI image generators of 2023: DALL-E 2 and alternatives. ZDNET.
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The following tools were developed to assist with research tasks:
CitationChaser performs backwards and forwards citation analysis to an inputted article.
Consensus is a search engine that uses AI to extract and distill findings from peer-reviewed sources. Subject matter coverage ranges from medical research and physics to social sciences and economics. It utilizes the Semantic Scholar dataset.
This tool helps automate research workflows, like creating literature reviews, brainstorming, summarization, and text classification. Elicit utilizes the Semantic Scholar dataset.
Polyglot Search Translator will translate a provided search phrase designed for PubMed into appropriate syntax for various academic databases. Note: It cannot look up equivalent subject headings for various databases, outputs must be verified.
PubReMiner is a tool provided by PubMed that conducts text mining and subject heading searches based on a set of relevant PMIDs (PubMed unique identifiers). It can also help identify top authors in a field.
This will provide a seed article that allows you to retrieve recommended papers, visualize networks of papers and authors, and get alerts about additional relevant research. It integrates with Zotero and allows for collaborative research sharing.
A project at the Allen Institute for AI, it indexes over 200 million academic papers sourced from publisher partnerships, data providers, and web crawls.
Enter up to 20 PubMed unique identifiers (PMIDs) of records that are relevant to your topic and then visualize, in a tabular format, what MeSH terms were assigned to the records. Allows you to visually analyze any patterns of assigned MeSH terms, e.g., more frequently used MeSH terms.
See UND's Code of Student Life for guidance on use of AI or re-use of AI-generated content (section II.B specifically covers "cheating" and plaigarism)
Refer to the ethical guidelines of your professional organization.
When publishing, look for journal policies on use of AI or inclusion of AI as a co-author. Most journals prohibit AI as a co-author.
Many AI cannot access the internet to look up answers or references. ChatGPT, for example, is a large language model which can only make predictions of what word is likely to follow another in a sequence based off the frequencies of words present in the dataset used to train it. The free version of ChatGPT, 3.5, was trained on pre-2021 data, and cannot access the internet, so it cannot look up an answer to a question. In effect, ChatGPT was created to mimic human speech, not to say truthful things.
Hallucinations and fabrications are “…mistakes in the generated text that are semantically or syntactically plausible but are in fact incorrect or nonsensical. In short, you can’t trust what the machine is telling you.” (Smith 2023)
Even large language models that can access the internet may fabricate information: "Why you shouldn’t trust AI search engines" Melissa Heikkiläarchive February 14th, 2023, MIT Technology Review.
Fact-check any references or details outputted by an AI if you intend to re-use the information.
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